Dislocated Shoulder Injury

A dislocated shoulder is when the humerus (upper arm bone) is displaced (dislocated) from the glenohumeral joint (shoulder socket).  The most common displacement of the shoulder is when the humerus is push forwards, resulting in an anterior dislocated shoulder.  Another common occurrence with dislocated shoulder injuries is when the head of the humerus dislocates from the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) and then returns to the normal joint position on its own, this is referred to as a subluxation.

Shoulder joint and its ligaments

 Dislocated Shoulder Symptoms

• extreme pain felt at the time of the dislocation
• Loss of function in the dislocated shoulder, such as decreased range of motion and strength
• pain elicited upon movement of the dislocated shoulder and arm
• visible deformity in the shoulder that is dislocated.  no deformity will be visible if it is a subluxation as the bones spontaneously go back into alignment.
• bruising and swelling in the dislocated shoulder
• possible numbness or even paralysis in the arm on the side of the dislocated shoulder.  this is due to possible impingement of nerves and blood vessels in that shoulder.

Dislocated Shoulder Treatment

• During Acute phase of the Tricep strain use the R.I.C.E principle, this will help reduce inflammation.  Also immobilize the dislocated shoulder until able to see a healthcare professional.
• See a doctor immediately so that he/she can re position the dislocated shoulder by manipulating the humerus bone.  This manipulation should be done sooner than later as the elasticity of many of the ligaments and muscles etc can decrease as time goes by.  If the elasticity is lost the future stability of the shoulder joint becomes compromised, and future shoulder dislocations become more likely.
• In some cases surgery is required to restore the shoulder joint to its natural or original position within the shoulder joint.

Dislocated Shoulder Rehab

• Once the dislocated shoulder has been manipulated by a doctor so that the bones are back in proper alignment then it is time to rehab the shoulder.
• Ice massage is a common and useful therapy after a shoulder dislocation.  It helps reduce pain and inflammation for the first few days following the dislocated shoulder.
• See a qualified physiotherapist as he/she will be able to design a shoulder rehab program that will help to strengthen and tighten the ligaments and surrounding shoulder musculature.  This is key to preventing future shoulder dislocations.

Dislocated Shoulder Recovery

• Once the shoulder has been manipulated back into proper alignment a cast or sling may be required for 2 to 8 weeks.
• Total healing of the injured ligaments, which were stretched by the dislocation takes usually 6 weeks.
• If the ligaments of the dislocated shoulder are stretch to a point that they cannot return to normal on their own, then surgery would be warranted.

Dislocated Shoulder Causes

• Blow to the shoulder, such as seen in contact sports like football etc.
• Current shoulder sprain or history of shoulder sprains.
• Shoulder fracture.
• Severely forceful muscle contraction, such as seen during a seizure.

Other common shoulder dislocation terms

Shoulder Dislocation Exercises, Shoulder Dislocation Reduction, Popped Shoulder, Dislocated Shoulder Surgery, Glenohumeral Joint Dislocation.

What is a Dislocated Collar Bone

Injury in which the bones that articulate with the collarbone are displaced from their normal anatomical position, thus resulting in a disruption of the joint and a subluxation of the collarbone.

Dislocated Collar Bone Symptoms

• Severe pain in the collarbone area
• Loss of shoulder function
• Pain elicited upon movement of the shoulder
• Visible deformity
• Inflammation and edema (swelling) around injury site
• Possible numbness or parathesia in shoulder or arm

Dislocated Collar Bone

Dislocated Collar Bone Treatment

• During Acute phase apply R.I.C.E principles such as ice etc.
• See a doctor and he/she will manipulate the collarbone and set it back into alignment
• Over the counter pain medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
• Prescription pain medication for severe pain

Dislocated Collar Bone Recovery Time

• Once the dislocated collarbone has been fixed by a doctor, the shoulder will need to be immobilized for a period of 2 to 4 weeks.
• If there is ligament damage then the recovery time will be approximately 6 to 8 weeks.

Dislocated Collar Bone Causes

• Fall onto the shoulder
• Pulling or jerking force applied to the arm

Other Dislocated Collar Bone Terms

Dislocation Collar Bone Treatment, Pain near Collar Bone, Dislocated Sternum, Sternoclavicular Joint, Sternoclavicular, Sternoclavicular Dislocation, Clavicle Dislocation, Swollen Left Clavicle,Clavicle Problems.

As with any medical or sports related injury it is important to consult a health care specialist.  A dislocated collar bone is a serious injury and as such should be treated immediately and seriously.

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What is a Herniated Disc

Rupture or break in the ligament surrounding the spinal disc.  This rupture of the disc usually results in the extrusion of the disc contents which is a jelly like material called the Nucleus Pulposus.  This jelly like material found between the vertebrae provides cushioning and shock absorption, but when it protrudes out it can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves.

Herniated Disc Symptoms

• Intense pain in lumbar region
• Radiating or shooting pain from low back down leg
• Weakness
• Numbness (parathesia)
• Atrophy of muscles of the affected leg

Herniated Disc

Herniated Disc Treatment

• For Minor cases of herniated disc over the counter pain meds can be used
• Muscle relaxants are sometimes prescribed if muscles spasms are present due to the herniated disc
• Traction of the neck and spine are sometimes used
• Epidural Injection of corticosteroids in the area of the herniated disc to decrease swelling and inflammation
• Surgery

Herniated Disc Recovery Time

• In many cases, usually minor herniations the recovery time is spontaneous and quick.
• For moderate herniated discs 2 weeks is the average recovery time.
• If surgery is required or healing is impaired due to re-injury etc then the healing time can be much longer.

Herniated Disc Causes

• Sports or movement that results in twisting or downward pressure on the spinal disks.
• Poor conditioning of the spinal muscles.
• Improper warm up prior to activity.
• Family history of back problems such as herniated disc.
• Poor posture.
• Previous back injury.

Other Herniated Disc Terms

Herniated Disc Lower Back, Herniated Disc Pain Relief, Herniated Disc Surgery, Herniated Disk Neck, Herniated Disk Exercises, Herniated Disk Back Pain, Home Exercises Herniated Disk.

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Actions of Trapezius Muscle:

• Upper trapezius: elevation and upward rotation of the scapula
• Middle trapezius: retraction of the scapula
• Lower trapezius: depression and upward rotation of the scapula

Origin of Trapezius Muscle:

• External occipital protuberance
• Ligamentum nuchae
• Spinous processes of C7 to T12

Insertion of Trapezius Muscle:

• Upper trapezius: lateral clavicle and acromion
• Middle trapezius: spine of the scapula
• Lower trapezius: root of the spine of the scapula

Trapezius Muscle

The Trapezius is really a flat, triangular muscle, covering the upper as well as back part from the neck as well as shoulders. It arises in the external occipital protuberance and also the medial third from the superior nuchal line from the occipital bone, in the ligamentum nuchæ, the spinous procedure from the seventh cervical, and also the spinous processes of all the thoracic vertebræ, as well as in the corresponding portion from the supraspinal ligament. From this origin, the superior fibers proceed downward as well as lateralward, the inferior upward as well as lateralward, and also the middle horizontally; the superior fibers tend to be inserted into the posterior border from the lateral third from the clavicle; the middle fibers into the medial margin from the acromion, as well as into the superior lip from the posterior border from the spine from the scapula; the inferior fibers converge near the scapula, as well as end in an aponeurosis, which glides over the smooth triangular surface on the medial end from the spine, to be inserted into a tubercle at the apex of this smooth triangular surface. At its occipital origin, the Trapezius is connected towards the bone by a thin fibrous lamina, firmly adherent towards the skin. At the middle it’s connected towards the spinous processes by a broad semi-elliptical aponeurosis, which reaches in the sixth cervical towards the third thoracic vertebræ, as well as forms, with that from the opposite muscle, a tendinous ellipse. The rest from the muscle arises by numerous short tendinous fibers. The two Trapezius muscles together resemble a trapezium, or diamond-shaped quadrangle: two angles corresponding towards the shoulders; a third towards the occipital protuberance; and also the fourth towards the spinous procedure from the twelfth thoracic vertebra. (Henry Gray (1821–1865). Anatomy of the Human Body.)

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What is a Tricep Strain

A Tricep strain is an injury brought on by a strain (over stretching) of the Triceps muscle or its tendon. The Triceps muscle is in charge of extending the elbow joint.  As with all muscle strains it generally happens in the weakest point within the musculotendinous unit and usually the weakest point is where the muscle joins together with the tendon, referred to as the musculotendinous junction.  The severity of a Tricep strain is graded from one to three.  Below is a list of the grades given to different severity of strains and what they mean in relation to a Tricep strain.

Grade 1 Tricep Strain:  Small bit of overstretching with out any tearing of tendon or muscle.  Normally there is going to be no loss of strength having a grade one Tricep strain.
Grade two Tricep Strain:  Moderate degree of overstretching (tearing) that results in partial tearing of the tendon and or muscle fibers.  Might be a loss of strength with grade two tricep strain.
Grade three Tricep Strain:  Severe level of overstretching which results in a complete rupture of the tricep tendon or muscle.  Could be a complete loss of function and strength with a grade three tricep strain.  This level of tricep strain normally requires surgery to repair the muscle or tendon.

Tricep Strain

Tricep Strain Symptoms

• Pain elicited upon contracting or stretching of the biceps muscle
• Muscle spasms in the Tricep muscle
• Edema(swelling) in area of the Tricep strain injury
• Loss of range of motion in elbow and to some degree shoulder
• Loss of strength (varies based on grade of tricep strain)
• In severe grade 2 or any grade 3 tricep strain a deformity will be visible in the back of the arm

Tricep Strain Treatment

• During Acute phase of the Tricep strain use the R.I.C.E principle, this will help reduce inflammation
• After three days once the acute phase is over, you can start to apply heat to encourage circulation & blood flow to the injured area
• Rehab or physiotherapy should be started as soon as possible to help the scar tissue align properly.  this will make the resulting healing stronger and will also prevent adhesions.
• Physiotherapy & Massage therapy are probably the best treatment modalities to use with a tricep strain

Tricep Strain Recovery Time

• Grade 1 Tricep strain (mild) typically takes 3 to 10 days to heal
• Grade 2 Tricep strain (moderate) typically requires 10 days to 6 weeks to heal to the point of resuming activity
• Grade 3 Tricep strain (severe) usually needs 6 to 10 weeks to heal

Tricep Strain Causes

• Overuse of the biceps muscle
• Sports or activities that require fast or sudden contraction of the biceps muscle
• Obesity
• Poor nutrition
• History of injuries to the bicep
• Bicep muscle in poor physical shape

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What is a Bicep Strain

A bicep strain is an injury caused by a strain (over stretching) of the bicep muscle or its tendon.  The biceps brachii muscle is responsible for flexing the elbow joint and external rotation of the forearm.  As with all muscle strains it usually occurs at the weakest point in the musculotendinous unit and this is usually where the muscle joins to the tendon called the musculotendinous junction.  The severity of a bicep strain is graded from 1 to 3.  Below is a list of the strain grades and what they mean in relation to a bicep strain.

Grade 1 Bicep Strain:  little bit of overstretching without any tearing of tendon or muscle.  Usually there will be no loss of strength with a grade one bicep strain.
Grade 2 Bicep Strain:  Moderate amount of overstretching (tearing) that results in partial tearing of the tendon and or muscle fibers.  Will be a loss of strength with grade two bicepstrain.
Grade 3 Bicep Strain:  Severe amount of overstretching which results in a complete rupture of the bicep tendon or muscle.  Can be a complete loss of function and strength with a grade three bicep strain.  This type of bicep strain usually requires surgery to repair the muscle or tendon.

Bicep muscle

Bicep Strain Symptoms

• Pain elicited upon contracting or stretching of the biceps muscle
• Muscle spasms in the biceps brachii
• Edema in area of the strain injury
• Loss of range of motion
• Loss of strength (varies based on grade of strain)
• In severe grade 2 or any grade 3 bicep strain deformity will be visible due to muscle fibers curling up (Popeye sign)

Bicep Strain Treatment

• During Acute phase of the bicep strain use the R.I.C.E principle
• After 3 days once the acute phase is over start to apply heat to encourage circulation
• Rehab or physiotherapy should be started as soon as possible to help the scar tissue align properly.  this will make the resulting healing stronger and will also prevent adhesions.
• Physiotherapy & Massage therapy are probably the best treatment modalities to use with a bicep strain

Bicep Strain Recovery Time

• Grade 1 bicep strain (mild) usually takes 3 to 10 days to heal
• Grade 2 bicep strain (moderate) takes 10 days to 6 weeks to heal to the point of resuming activity
• Grade 3 bicep strain (severe) takes 6 to 10 weeks to heal

Bicep Strain Causes

• Overuse of the biceps muscle
• Sports or activities that require fast or sudden contraction of the biceps muscle
• Obesity
• Poor nutrition
• History of injuries to the bicep
• Bicep muscle in poor physical shape

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What is an Arm Fracture

An arm fracture is a partial or complete break of the humerus bone, and if is a forearm fracture then is a partial or complete break in one or both of the forearm bones (radius, ulna).

Bone fracture

Arm Fracture Symptoms

• Severe pain in the area of the fracture
• Edema in area of fracture
• Visible deformity of the arm if the fracture is a complete fracture
• Pain & Tenderness elicited upon palpation
• Parethesia in hand and fingers if nerves and blood vessels are injured from the fractured bone

Arm Fracture Treatment

When the fracture initially happens it is serious and first aid should be given.

• Observe person for signs of shock
• remove clothing covering fracture site carefully by cutting the material away
• DO NOT try to set the bones.  This has to be done by a doctor
• Splint the arm to immobilize it and prevent the bone fragments from damaging nerves,blood vessels and muscle

Once a doctor has reset the bones (reduced the fracture) the following treatments are common:

• Application of a rigid cast
• Once cast is removed physio therapy should be started because muscles will have weakened and atrophied while in the cast

Arm Fracture Recovery Time

• The usual recovery or healing time for an arm fracture is 6 to 8 weeks

Arm Fracture Causes

• Direct blow to the arm
• Poor nutrition (lack of calcium)
• Diseases such as osteoporosis
• Hormonal deficiencies or imbalances

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Actions of Latissimus Dorsi:

• Extension of humerus
• Medial rotation of humerus
• Adduction of humerus
• Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

Origin of Latissimus Dorsi:

• Thoracolumbar aponeurosis
• Lower 6 thoracic spinous processes
• Sacrum & iliac crest
• Lower 3 to 4 ribs
• Inferior angle of the scapula

Insertion of Latissimus Dorsi:

• Bicipital groove of the humerus

Latissimus Dorsi

Common Latissimus Dorsi Injury:

• Latissimus Dorsi Strain (grade 1, grade 2, or grade 3)
• Latissimus Dorsi tendinosis (tendinitis)

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Information:

The Latissimus dorsi is really triangular in shape, flat muscle, that covers the lumbar region as well as the lower half over the thoracic region, as well as is steadily contracted into a slim fasciculus at its insertion into the humerus. It originates by tendinous fibers in the spinous processes from the lower 6 thoracic vertebræ as well as in the posterior layer of the lumbodorsal fascia, by which it’s affixed to the spines of the lumbar as well as sacral vertebræ, to the supraspinal ligament, as well as to the posterior aspect of the crest of the ilium. It additionally originates by muscular fibers in the external lip of the crest of the ilium lateral to the margin of the Sacrospinalis, as well as in the three or four lower ribs by fleshy digitations, which are generally interposed between similar processes from the Obliquus abdominis externus. From this extensive origin the fibers pass in various directions, the upper ones horizontally, the middle obliquely upward, as well as the reduce vertically upward, so as to converge as well as form a thick fasciculus, which crosses the inferior angle of the scapula, as well as generally receives a few fibers from it.

The muscle curves around the lower border of the Teres major, as well as is twisted upon itself, to ensure that the superior fibers become at first posterior as well as then inferior, as well as the vertical fibers at first anterior as well as then superior. It ends inside a quadrilateral tendon, about 7 cm. long, which passes in front from the tendon of the Teres major, as well as is inserted into the bottom of the intertubercular groove of the humerus; its insertion extends higher on the humerus than that of the tendon of the Pectoralis major. The lower border of its tendon is united with that of the Teres major, the surfaces from the two being separated near their insertions by a bursa; an additional bursa is occasionally interposed between the muscle as well as the inferior angle of the scapula. The tendon of the muscle gives off an expansion towards the deep fascia of the arm. (Henry Gray (1821–1865). Anatomy of the Human Body.)

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Fascia Definition

The superficial fascia is a connective tissue situated just under the skin. It covers as well as connects the muscles, bones, nerves as well as blood vessels in the entire body. Collectively, skeletal muscle as well as fascia comprise what is referred to as the myofascia system.
fascia

For numerous reasons, which include disuse, inadequate stretching, or injuries, the fascia as well as the base muscle tissues may become attached jointly. This is referred to as an adhesion, as well as it leads to limited skeletal muscle motion in addition to discomfort, tenderness as well as decreased flexibility or range of motion. Inflammation of the fascia is called fasciitis.

“Fascia” is the Latin word for “band or bandage.

Axillary Fascia

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Exostosis Definition

a benign new growth projecting from a bone surface and characteristically capped by cartilage. Another name for exostosis is bone spur or bone cyst

Bones

http://www.medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/exostosis

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